Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iimpompo zamanzi zelanga ziye zanda kakhulu njengesisombululo sokusingqongileyo kunye neendleko ezisebenzayo zokumpompa amanzi. Kodwa ngaba uyayazi imbali yeepompo zamanzi kunye nendlela iimpompo zamanzi zelanga ziye zaba yinto entsha kwishishini?
Imbali yeepompo zamanzi ibuyela kumaxesha amandulo, xa abantu baqala ukusebenzisa amandla amanzi ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Impompo yamanzi yakudala eyaziwayo ibizwa ngokuba “yi-shadoof” kwaye yayisetyenziswa kwi-Egypt yakudala malunga ne-2000 BC ukutsala amanzi kuMlambo umNayile ukuze kunkcenkceshelwe. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, iindidi ngeendidi zeempompo zamanzi ziye zaphuhliswa, kubandakanywa ukuphindaphinda, i-centrifugal, kunye neempompo ezingaphantsi kwamanzi, nganye inoyilo olukhethekileyo kunye nokusebenza kwayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuphuhliswa kweempompo zamanzi elanga yinto entsha eye yafumana amandla kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo. Njengoko ulwazi lwempembelelo yokusingqongileyo yeempompo zamafutha eziqhelekileyo zinyuka, imfuno yezisombululo zamandla azinzileyo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamandla iyaqhubeka ikhula. Oku kukhokelele ekuqalisweni kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokwamkelwa ngokubanzi kobuchwepheshe belanga, kuquka iimpompo zamanzi elanga.
Iimpompo zamanzi elanga zisebenzisa iiphaneli ze-photovoltaic ukuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane, ethi ke inike amandla iimpompo kwaye ikhuphe amanzi kwimithombo, emilanjeni okanye kweminye imithombo. Ezi mpompo zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi kwiimpompo zemveli ezisebenza ngamafutha, kubandakanywa iindleko eziphantsi zokusebenza, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa okuncinci. Ngenxa yoko, ziya zithandwa kakhulu kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni nasezidolophini, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinokukhanya kwelanga kodwa umbane onqongopheleyo.
Iinkuthazo zikarhulumente kunye nenkxaso-mali ejolise ekukhuthazeni ubugcisa bamandla ahlaziyekayo zikwaqhuba ukwamkelwa kweempompo zamanzi elanga. Kwamazwe amaninzi, kuquka i-Indiya, i-China kunye neendawo zase-Afrika, oorhulumente bakhuthaza ukufakwa kweepompo zamanzi zelanga ngokuxhaswa ngemali kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo ekhethiweyo. Oku kukhawulezisa ukukhula kwemarike yempompo yamanzi elanga, kuyenza ibe yifashoni entsha kushishino.
Ukongezelela, ukuqhubela phambili kweteknoloji yelanga kuye kwakhokelela ekuphuhliseni iimpompo zamanzi zelanga ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo nezithembekileyo, okwenza kube yindlela efanelekileyo kwiimpompo zamanzi eziqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokusetyenziswa. Ukusuka kunkcenkceshelo lwezolimo kunye nokunkcenkceshela imfuyo ukuya kwindawo yokuhlala kunye nonikezelo lwamanzi lwentengiso, iimpompo zamanzi zelanga zibonakalise ukuba zisisombululo esiguquguqukayo nesizinzileyo kwiimfuno zamanzi.
Ngamafutshane, imbali yophuhliso lweepompo zamanzi iye yaphuhliswa ngamawaka eminyaka, ekugqibeleni ikhokelela kwiimpompo zamanzi zelanga zibe yifashoni entsha kwishishini. Ngobuhlobo babo bokusingqongileyo, ukuphumelela kweendleko kunye nenkxaso karhulumente, iimpompo zamanzi zelanga ziye zaba lukhetho oludumileyo lokupompa amanzi, ukuphawula utshintsho kwizisombululo zamandla azinzileyo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamandla. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili kunye nokwazisa ngemiba yokusingqongileyo kwanda, iimpompo zamanzi zelanga zinokuqhubeka zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekupompeni amanzi kwixesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-25-2024